一、数据库备份需要开启归档模式

手动开启归档模式：
alter database mount;
alter database add archivelog 'DEST = /dbarch/dmarch, TYPE = local ,FILE_SIZE = 1024 , SPACE_LIMIT = 2048';
ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
select name,status$,arch_mode from v$database;

二、使用dmrman备份还原，dmap服务必须启动
ps -ef|grep dmap查看服务是否存在
/etc/init.d目录下
./DmAPService start启动dmap服务

三、备份：
联机备份：在数据库bin目录下，使用disql命令
./disql sysdba/密码
全库备份
SQL>BACKUP DATABASE FULL BACKUPSET '/dbbak/dmbak/db_full_bak_01' compressed;
增量备份
SQL>BACKUP DATABASE INCREMENT WITH BACKUPDIR '/dbbak/dmbak' BACKUPSET '/dbbak/dmbak/db_increment_bak_02';

脱机备份：在数据库bin目录下，使用如下命令进入DMRMAN系统：
./dmran
全库备份
RMAN>BACKUP DATABASE '/dbdata/dmdata/DAMENG/dm.ini' FULL BACKUPSET '/dbbak/dmbak/db_full_bak_01’;
./dmrman CTLSTMT="BACKUP DATABASE '/home/dmdba/dm/dmdbms/bin/dm.ini' FULL TO BACKUP_FILE1 BACKUPSET '/dbdata/dmdata/DMDB/BACKUP_FILE_01'"
增量备份
RMAN>BACKUP DATABASE '/dbdata/dmdata/DAMENG/dm.ini' INCREMENT WITH BACKUPDIR '/dbbak/dmbak' BACKUPSET '/dbbak/dmbak/db_increment_bak_02';

还原：
在数据库bin目录下，使用如下命令进入DMRMAN系统：
./dmran
校验备份
RMAN>CHECK BACKUPSET '/dbbak/dmbak/db_full_bak_01';
还原数据库
RMAN>RESTORE DATABASE '/dbdata/dmdata/DAMENG/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dbbak/dmbak/db_full_bak_01';
./dmrman CTLSTMT="RESTORE DATABASE '/home/dmdba/dm/dmdbms/bin/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dbdata/dmdata/DMDB/BACKUP_FILE_01'"
恢复数据库
RMAN>RECOVER DATABASE '/dbdata/dmdata/DAMENG/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dbbak/dmbak/db_full_bak_01';
./dmrman CTLSTMT="RECOVER DATABASE '/home/dmdba/dm/dmdbms/bin/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dbdata/dmdata/DMDB/BACKUP_FILE_01'"
详细备份还原查看/home/dmdba/dm/dmdbms/doc/special/DM7备份与还原.pdf

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