一、系统环境预配置

1. 基础环境准备

# 所有节点执行（root用户）
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0

# 创建专用用户与目录
groupadd dinstall
useradd -g dinstall -m -d /home/dmdba/dm -s /bin/bash dmdba
echo "dmdba123" | passwd --stdin dmdba
mkdir -p /dm8/{data,backup,arch} && chown -R dmdba:dinstall /dm8

2. 网络配置示例

# 主库（192.168.248.22）
cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32 <<EOF
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.248.22
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.248.2
DNS1=192.168.248.2
ONBOOT=yes
EOF

# 备库（192.168.248.23）同理修改IP

二、数据库初始化与备份还原

1. 主库脱机备份

# 主库执行
su - dmdba
/dm8/bin/dmserver /dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini
# 执行后输入exit退出控制台

/dm8/bin/dmrman 
BACKUP DATABASE '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' TO BACKUPSET '/dm8/backup/full'

2. 备库数据还原

# 备库执行
scp -r dmdba@192.168.248.22:/dm8/backup/full /dm8/backup/

/dm8/bin/dmrman 
RESTORE DATABASE '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dm8/backup/full'

RECOVER DATABASE '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dm8/backup/full'

RECOVER DATABASE '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' UPDATE DB_MAGIC

三、核心配置文件详解

1. dm.ini配置（主备差异）

# 主库配置
INSTANCE_NAME = GRP1_RT_01
PORT_NUM = 5236
DW_INACTIVE_INTERVAL = 60
ALTER_MODE_STATUS = 0
ENABLE_OFFLINE_TS = 2
MAL_INI = 1
ARCH_INI = 1

# 备库配置
INSTANCE_NAME = GRP1_RT_02
PORT_NUM = 5237

2. dmmal.ini（主备完全一致）

[MAL_INST1]
MAL_INST_NAME = GRP1_RT_01
MAL_HOST = 192.168.248.22
MAL_PORT = 61141
MAL_INST_HOST = 192.168.248.22
MAL_INST_PORT = 5236
MAL_DW_PORT = 52141

[MAL_INST2]
MAL_INST_NAME = GRP1_RT_02
MAL_HOST = 192.168.248.23
MAL_PORT = 61142
MAL_INST_HOST = 192.168.248.23
MAL_INST_PORT = 5237
MAL_DW_PORT = 52142

3. dmarch.ini（主备差异）

# 主库配置
[ARCHIVE_REALTIME]
ARCH_TYPE = REALTIME
ARCH_DEST = GRP1_RT_02

# 备库配置
[ARCHIVE_REALTIME]
ARCH_TYPE = REALTIME
ARCH_DEST = GRP1_RT_01

# 公共配置
[ARCHIVE_LOCAL1]
ARCH_TYPE = LOCAL
ARCH_DEST = /dm8/arch
ARCH_FILE_SIZE = 2048
ARCH_SPACE_LIMIT = 0

4. dmwatcher.ini（主备完全一致）

[GRP1]
DW_TYPE = GLOBAL
DW_MODE = AUTO
DW_ERROR_TIME = 10
INST_RECOVER_TIME = 60
INST_ERROR_TIME = 10
INST_OGUID = 453331
INST_INI = /dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini
INST_AUTO_RESTART = 1
INST_STARTUP_CMD = /dm8/bin/dmserver

四、主备库初始化流程

1. 启动数据库到MOUNT状态

# 主库执行
/dm8/bin/dmserver /dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini mount

# 备库执行
/dm8/bin/dmserver /dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini mount

2. 设置OGUID与切换模式

-- 主库执行
SP_SET_PARA_VALUE(1, 'ALTER_MODE_STATUS', 1);
sp_set_oguid(453331);
alter database primary;
SP_SET_PARA_VALUE(1, 'ALTER_MODE_STATUS', 0);

-- 备库执行
SP_SET_PARA_VALUE(1, 'ALTER_MODE_STATUS', 1);
sp_set_oguid(453331);
alter database standby;
SP_SET_PARA_VALUE(1, 'ALTER_MODE_STATUS', 0);

五、守护进程与监视器配置

1. 注册守护服务

# 主备库均执行（root用户）
/dm8/script/root/dm_service_installer.sh -t dmwatcher -p DW_GRP1 -i /dm8/data/DAMENG/dmwatcher.ini

2. 监视器配置文件

# dmmonitor.ini
MON_DW_CONFIRM = 1
MON_LOG_PATH = /dm8/log
MON_LOG_INTERVAL = 60
MON_LOG_FILE_SIZE = 32

[GRP1]
MON_INST_OGUID = 453331
MON_DW_IP = 192.168.248.22:52141
MON_DW_IP = 192.168.248.23:52142

3. 启动服务

# 主备库启动守护进程
systemctl start DmWatcherServiceDW_GRP1

# 监视器节点启动
/dm8/bin/dmmonitor /dm8/data/DAMENG/dmmonitor.ini

六、状态验证与故障切换

1. 关键状态查询

-- 检查归档状态
SELECT ARCH_NAME, ARCH_TYPE, ARCH_DEST FROM V$DM_ARCH_INI;

-- 查看守护进程状态
SELECT * FROM V$DMWATCHER;

-- 验证OGUID一致性
SELECT OGUID FROM V$INSTANCE;

2. 手动切换测试

# 在监视器控制台执行
SWITCHOVER GRP1_RT_01