在DM8中常见的备份还原方式
== 逻辑备份==
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ps -ef|grep dmserver
dmdba 2063 1803 0 10:55 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto dmserver
dmdba 63658 1 0 Apr05 ? 00:00:11 /dm8/bin/dmserver path=/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini -noconsole
dmdba 63779 1 0 Apr05 ? 00:00:14 /dm8/bin/dmserver path=/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini -noconsole
[dmdba@localhost bin]$
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ mkdir /dm8/databak
备份全库
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dexp sysdba/SYSDBA file=/dm8/databak/full.dmp full=y
dexp V8
导出第 1 个SYSPACKAGE_DEF： SYS_VIEW
----- 共导出 1 个SYSPACKAGE_DEF -----
整个导出过程共花费 0.058 s
….
….
成功终止导出, 没有出现警告
导出用户
[dmdba@localhost bin]$./dexp SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 FILE=/dm8/databak/shida.owner.dmp owner=SHIDA
导出schema
[dmdba@localhost bin]$./dexp SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 FILE=/dm8/databak/DAMENG.schema.dmp schemas=DAMENG
导出表
[dmdba@localhost databak]$ /dm8/bin/dexp SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 FILE=/dm8/databak/sysdba.stu.dmp TABLES=sysdba.stu
dexp V8
----- [2022-04-06 16:26:30]导出表：STU -----
导出模式下的对象权限…
表STU导出结束，共导出 7 行数据
整个导出过程共花费 0.038 s
成功终止导出, 没有出现警告
[dmdba@localhost databak]$
恢复表
SQL> select * from STU;
行号 COLUMN_1 COLUMN_2 COLUMN_3 COLUMN_4 COLUMN_5
1 d 5 uu q r
2 1 g i w f
3 5 ggg p s f
4 d ggg m s f
5 s ggg qqqq s f
6 s ggg x s f
7 f ggg x f f
SQL> drop table stu;
操作已执行
已用时间: 20.025(毫秒). 执行号:1004.
SQL>
[dmdba@localhost databak]$ /dm8/bin/dimp SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 FILE=/dm8/databak/sysdba.stu.dmp TABLES=sysdba.stu
dimp V8
本地编码：PG_UTF8, 导入文件编码：PG_GB18030
----- [2022-04-06 16:56:08]导入表：STU -----
创建表 STU …
导入表 STU 的数据：7 行被处理
整个导入过程共花费 0.021 s
成功终止导入, 没有出现警告
[dmdba@localhost databak]$
SQL> select * from STU;
行号 COLUMN_1 COLUMN_2 COLUMN_3 COLUMN_4 COLUMN_5
1 d 5 uu q r
2 1 g i w f
3 5 ggg p s f
4 d ggg m s f
5 s ggg qqqq s f
6 s ggg x s f
7 f ggg x f f
7 rows got
已用时间: 0.473(毫秒). 执行号:1005.
SQL>
物理备份
一 冷备份：数据库关闭、dmap开启、只能备数据库
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER2 status
DmServiceDMSERVER2 (pid 6161) is running.
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER2 stop
Stopping DmServiceDMSERVER2: [ OK ]
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER2 status
DmServiceDMSERVER2 is stopped
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmAPService status
DmAPService (pid 1581) is running.
[dmdba@localhost bin]$
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dmrman
dmrman V8
RMAN> backup database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
backup database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[28034], file_lsn[28034]
Processing backupset /dm8/databak/20220406database.bak
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00]
backup successfully!
time used: 00:00:01.065
备份
[root@localhost databak]# cd 20220406database.bak/
[root@localhost 20220406database.bak]# ls -l
total 6752
-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 6829568 Apr 6 17:46 20220406database.bak.bak
-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 78336 Apr 6 17:46 20220406database.bak.meta
[root@localhost 20220406database.bak]#
恢复1 restore
RMAN> restore database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
restore database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:02][Remaining:00:00:00]
restore successfully.
time used: 00:00:02.489
RMAN>
恢复2 recover
RMAN> recover database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
recover database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[28034], file_lsn[28034]
备份集[/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak]备份过程中未产生日志
recover successfully!
time used: 260.720(ms)
恢复3 update
RMAN> recover database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ update db_magic
recover database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ update db_magic
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[28034], file_lsn[28034]
recover successfully!
time used: 999.983(ms)
二 热备份：数据库打开的、数据库开启归档、dmap服务开启状态
（可备份数据库、表空间、表、归档）
SQL> select arch_mode from v$database;
行号 ARCH_MODE
1 N
已用时间: 2.002(毫秒). 执行号:1300.
SQL> alter database mount;
操作已执行
已用时间: 0.948(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> alter database add archivelog ‘type=local,dest=/dm8/arch,file_size=64,space_limit=0’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 1.879(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
操作已执行
已用时间: 5.696(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> alter database open;
操作已执行
已用时间: 12.097(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> select arch_mode from v$database;
行号 ARCH_MODE
1 Y
已用时间: 0.509(毫秒). 执行号:1301.
SQL>
SQL> backup database;
backup database;
[-718]:收集到的归档日志不连续.
已用时间: 811.888(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> select checkpoint(1);
行号 CHECKPOINT(1)
1 0
已用时间: 5.747(毫秒). 执行号:1303.
SQL> backup database;
操作已执行
已用时间: 880.337(毫秒). 执行号:1304.
备份全库（恢复时需要关库）
SQL> backup database backupset ‘/dm8/databak/0406_full’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 880.197(毫秒). 执行号:1305.
备份表空间（恢复时需要关库）
SQL> backup tablespace main backupset ‘/dm8/databak/main.tabp.bak0407’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 825.507(毫秒). 执行号:2200.
备份表（恢复时不需要关库）
SQL> backup table sysdba.“test” backupset ‘/dm8/databak/sysdba.test.bak0406’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 817.981(毫秒). 执行号:2100.
备份归档日志（恢复时不需要关库）
操作已执行
已用时间: 817.981(毫秒). 执行号:2100.
SQL> backup archivelog backupset ‘/dm8/databak/arch.bak0406’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 825.457(毫秒). 执行号:2101.
恢复表空间
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER stop
Stopping DmServiceDMSERVER: [ OK ]
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dmrman
dmrman V8
RMAN> restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ tablespace main from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/main.tabp.bak0407’
restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ tablespace main from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/main.tabp.bak0407’
file dm.key not found, use default license!
Database mode = 0, oguid = 12345
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[37895], file_lsn[37895]
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:02][Remaining:00:00:00]
restore successfully.
time used: 00:00:02.252
RMAN> recover database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ tablespace main
recover database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ tablespace main
Database mode = 0, oguid = 12345
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[37895], file_lsn[37895]
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00PKG/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00]
recover successfully.
time used: 468.506(ms)
RMAN> exit
time used: 1.290(ms)
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER start
Starting DmServiceDMSERVER: [ OK ]
一、逻辑备份
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ps -ef|grep dmserver
dmdba 2063 1803 0 10:55 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto dmserver
dmdba 63658 1 0 Apr05 ? 00:00:11 /dm8/bin/dmserver path=/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini -noconsole
dmdba 63779 1 0 Apr05 ? 00:00:14 /dm8/bin/dmserver path=/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini -noconsole
[dmdba@localhost bin]$
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ mkdir /dm8/databak
备份全库
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dexp sysdba/SYSDBA file=/dm8/databak/full.dmp full=y
dexp V8
导出第 1 个SYSPACKAGE_DEF： SYS_VIEW
----- 共导出 1 个SYSPACKAGE_DEF -----
整个导出过程共花费 0.058 s
….
….
成功终止导出, 没有出现警告
导出用户
[dmdba@localhost bin]$./dexp SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 FILE=/dm8/databak/shida.owner.dmp owner=SHIDA
导出schema
[dmdba@localhost bin]$./dexp SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 FILE=/dm8/databak/DAMENG.schema.dmp schemas=DAMENG
导出表
[dmdba@localhost databak]$ /dm8/bin/dexp SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 FILE=/dm8/databak/sysdba.stu.dmp TABLES=sysdba.stu
dexp V8
----- [2022-04-06 16:26:30]导出表：STU -----
导出模式下的对象权限…
表STU导出结束，共导出 7 行数据
整个导出过程共花费 0.038 s
成功终止导出, 没有出现警告
[dmdba@localhost databak]$
恢复表
SQL> select * from STU;
行号 COLUMN_1 COLUMN_2 COLUMN_3 COLUMN_4 COLUMN_5
1 d 5 uu q r
2 1 g i w f
3 5 ggg p s f
4 d ggg m s f
5 s ggg qqqq s f
6 s ggg x s f
7 f ggg x f f
SQL> drop table stu;
操作已执行
已用时间: 20.025(毫秒). 执行号:1004.
SQL>
[dmdba@localhost databak]$ /dm8/bin/dimp SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 FILE=/dm8/databak/sysdba.stu.dmp TABLES=sysdba.stu
dimp V8
本地编码：PG_UTF8, 导入文件编码：PG_GB18030
----- [2022-04-06 16:56:08]导入表：STU -----
创建表 STU …
导入表 STU 的数据：7 行被处理
整个导入过程共花费 0.021 s
成功终止导入, 没有出现警告
[dmdba@localhost databak]$
SQL> select * from STU;
行号 COLUMN_1 COLUMN_2 COLUMN_3 COLUMN_4 COLUMN_5
1 d 5 uu q r
2 1 g i w f
3 5 ggg p s f
4 d ggg m s f
5 s ggg qqqq s f
6 s ggg x s f
7 f ggg x f f
7 rows got
已用时间: 0.473(毫秒). 执行号:1005.
SQL>
物理备份
一 冷备份：数据库关闭、dmap开启、只能备数据库
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER2 status
DmServiceDMSERVER2 (pid 6161) is running.
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER2 stop
Stopping DmServiceDMSERVER2: [ OK ]
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER2 status
DmServiceDMSERVER2 is stopped
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmAPService status
DmAPService (pid 1581) is running.
[dmdba@localhost bin]$
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dmrman
dmrman V8
RMAN> backup database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
backup database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[28034], file_lsn[28034]
Processing backupset /dm8/databak/20220406database.bak
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00]
backup successfully!
time used: 00:00:01.065
备份
[root@localhost databak]# cd 20220406database.bak/
[root@localhost 20220406database.bak]# ls -l
total 6752
-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 6829568 Apr 6 17:46 20220406database.bak.bak
-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 78336 Apr 6 17:46 20220406database.bak.meta
[root@localhost 20220406database.bak]#
恢复1 restore
RMAN> restore database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
restore database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:02][Remaining:00:00:00]
restore successfully.
time used: 00:00:02.489
RMAN>
恢复2 recover
RMAN> recover database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
recover database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak’
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[28034], file_lsn[28034]
备份集[/dm8/databak/20220406database.bak]备份过程中未产生日志
recover successfully!
time used: 260.720(ms)
恢复3 update
RMAN> recover database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ update db_magic
recover database ‘/dm8/data2/DAMENG/dm.ini’ update db_magic
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[28034], file_lsn[28034]
recover successfully!
time used: 999.983(ms)
二 热备份：数据库打开的、数据库开启归档、dmap服务开启状态
（可备份数据库、表空间、表、归档）
SQL> select arch_mode from v$database;
行号 ARCH_MODE
1 N
已用时间: 2.002(毫秒). 执行号:1300.
SQL> alter database mount;
操作已执行
已用时间: 0.948(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> alter database add archivelog ‘type=local,dest=/dm8/arch,file_size=64,space_limit=0’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 1.879(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
操作已执行
已用时间: 5.696(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> alter database open;
操作已执行
已用时间: 12.097(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> select arch_mode from v$database;
行号 ARCH_MODE
1 Y
已用时间: 0.509(毫秒). 执行号:1301.
SQL>
SQL> backup database;
backup database;
[-718]:收集到的归档日志不连续.
已用时间: 811.888(毫秒). 执行号:0.
SQL> select checkpoint(1);
行号 CHECKPOINT(1)
1 0
已用时间: 5.747(毫秒). 执行号:1303.
SQL> backup database;
操作已执行
已用时间: 880.337(毫秒). 执行号:1304.
备份全库（恢复时需要关库）
SQL> backup database backupset ‘/dm8/databak/0406_full’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 880.197(毫秒). 执行号:1305.
备份表空间（恢复时需要关库）
SQL> backup tablespace main backupset ‘/dm8/databak/main.tabp.bak0407’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 825.507(毫秒). 执行号:2200.
备份表（恢复时不需要关库）
SQL> backup table sysdba.“test” backupset ‘/dm8/databak/sysdba.test.bak0406’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 817.981(毫秒). 执行号:2100.
备份归档日志（恢复时不需要关库）
操作已执行
已用时间: 817.981(毫秒). 执行号:2100.
SQL> backup archivelog backupset ‘/dm8/databak/arch.bak0406’;
操作已执行
已用时间: 825.457(毫秒). 执行号:2101.
恢复表空间
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER stop
Stopping DmServiceDMSERVER: [ OK ]
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dmrman
dmrman V8
RMAN> restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ tablespace main from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/main.tabp.bak0407’
restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ tablespace main from backupset ‘/dm8/databak/main.tabp.bak0407’
file dm.key not found, use default license!
Database mode = 0, oguid = 12345
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[37895], file_lsn[37895]
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:02][Remaining:00:00:00]
restore successfully.
time used: 00:00:02.252
RMAN> recover database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ tablespace main
recover database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ tablespace main
Database mode = 0, oguid = 12345
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[37895], file_lsn[37895]
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00PKG/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00]
recover successfully.
time used: 468.506(ms)
RMAN> exit
time used: 1.290(ms)
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER start
Starting DmServiceDMSERVER: [ OK ]
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